Benchmark #59829 - pibenchmarks.com

Brand: Samsung 860 EVO M.2
SSD (M.2 SATA)
#29 / 1,672
433
#414 / 1,672
#400 / 983
#32 / 115
7,593
	Amazon.com AliExpress Amazon.ca Amazon.co.uk Amazon.co.jp Amazon.com.au Amazon.de Amazon.es Amazon.fr Amazon.it Amazon.nl Amazon.pl Amazon.se Amazon.sg

Overview
2022-05-20 14:33:29
#59,829
8,126
+533 (+6.56%)
karaiskos

Storage Details
Samsung 860 EVO M.2
SSD (M.2 SATA)
250G
SSD
Samsung
SSD860EVOM.2250GB
M.2
SATA
3.10
5,000
174c:235c
0x174c (ASMedia Technology Inc.)
0x235c
uas
None

System Board Details
		Amazon.com AliExpress
Raspberry Pi 4B 1.4
Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4
Raspberry Pi Foundation
N/A
4
2,147 (+647)
700 (+200)
8 GB
1,600

Operating System

Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
aarch64

Benchmark Results
141 MB/s
302.75 MB/s
291.08 MB/s
13,781 IOPS
17,138 IOPS
55,127 KB/s
68,552 KB/s
31,355 KB/s
30,914 KB/s
24,133 KB/s
30,309 KB/s

inxi Results
System: Kernel: 5.15.32-v8+ arch: aarch64 bits: 64 compiler: N/A parameters: coherent_pool=1M 8250.nr_uarts=1 snd_bcm2835.enable_compat_alsa=0 snd_bcm2835.enable_hdmi=1 video=HDMI-A-1:1920x1080M@60 smsc95xx.macaddr=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX vc_mem.mem_base=0x3eb00000 vc_mem.mem_size=0x3ff00000 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=03a052ee-02 rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes rootwait quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles Console: tty 1 wm: Mutter v: 3.38.6 DM: LightDM v: 1.26.0 Distro: Raspberry Pi OS base: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye) Machine: Type: ARM System: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4 details: BCM2835 rev: d03114 Battery: Device-1: hidpp_battery_0 model: Logitech Wireless Mouse M185 charge: 55% (should be ignored) rechargeable: yes status: discharging Memory: RAM: total: 7.7 GiB used: 1.23 GiB (16.0%) gpu: 76 MiB RAM Report: smbios: No SMBIOS data for dmidecode to process PCI Slots: Message: No ARM data found for this feature. CPU: Info: model: N/A variant: cortex-a72 bits: 64 type: MCP arch: ARMv8 family: 8 model-id: 0 stepping: 3 Topology: cpus: 1x cores: 4 smt: N/A cache: N/A Speed (MHz): avg: 2147 min/max: 600/2200 scaling: driver: cpufreq-dt governor: ondemand cores: 1: 2147 2: 2147 3: 2147 4: 2147 bogomips: 432 Features: asimd cpuid crc32 evtstrm fp Vulnerabilities: Type: itlb_multihit status: Not affected Type: l1tf status: Not affected Type: mds status: Not affected Type: meltdown status: Not affected Type: spec_store_bypass status: Vulnerable Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: __user pointer sanitization Type: spectre_v2 status: Vulnerable Type: srbds status: Not affected Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected Graphics: Device-1: bcm2711-hdmi0 driver: vc4_hdmi v: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef00700 class-ID: hdmi Device-2: bcm2711-hdmi1 driver: vc4_hdmi v: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef05700 class-ID: hdmi Device-3: bcm2711-vc5 driver: vc4_drm v: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:gpu class-ID: gpu Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.20.11 with: Xwayland compositor: Mutter v: 3.38.6 driver: X: loaded: modesetting unloaded: fbdev gpu: vc4-drm,vc4_crtc,vc4_dpi,vc4_dsi,vc4_firmware_kms,vc4_hdmi,vc4_hvs,vc4_txp,vc4_v3d,vc4_vec display-ID: :0 screens: 1 Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 508x285mm (20.00x11.22") s-diag: 582mm (22.93") Monitor-1: HDMI-A-1 mapped: HDMI-1 model: Samsung T22B300 built: 2011 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60 dpi: 102 gamma: 1.2 chroma: red: x: 0.647 y: 0.333 green: x: 0.333 y: 0.627 blue: x: 0.157 y: 0.051 white: x: 0.314 y: 0.329 size: 477x268mm (18.78x10.55") diag: 547mm (21.5") ratio: 16:9 modes: 1920x1080, 1920x1080i, 1680x1050, 1600x900, 1280x1024, 1440x900, 1280x800, 1152x864, 1280x720, 1024x768, 832x624, 800x600, 720x576, 720x576i, 720x480, 720x480i, 640x480, 720x400 Message: Unable to show GL data. Required tool glxinfo missing. Audio: Device-1: bcm2711-hdmi0 driver: vc4_hdmi bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef00700 class-ID: hdmi Device-2: bcm2711-hdmi1 driver: vc4_hdmi bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef05700 class-ID: hdmi Device-3: bcm2835-audio driver: bcm2835_audio bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:bcm2835_audio class-ID: bcm2835_audio Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.15.32-v8+ running: yes Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 14.2 running: yes Sound Server-3: PipeWire v: 0.3.19 running: yes Network: Device-1: bcm2835-mmc driver: mmc_bcm2835 v: N/A port: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fe300000 class-ID: mmcnr IF: wlan0 state: down mac: Device-2: bcm2711-genet-v5 driver: bcmgenet v: N/A port: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fd580000 class-ID: ethernet IF: eth0 state: down mac: Device-3: ASIX AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet type: USB driver: ax88179_178a bus-ID: 1-1.3.1:4 chip-ID: 0b95:1790 class-ID: ff00 IF: eth1 state: up speed: 100 Mbps duplex: full mac: IP v4: type: noprefixroute scope: global broadcast: IP v6: scope: link WAN IP: Bluetooth: Device-1: pl011 driver: uart_pl011 bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: arm:fe201000 class-ID: serial Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 1 state: up address: bt-v: 3.0 lmp-v: 5.0 sub-v: 6119 hci-v: 5.0 rev: 156 Info: acl-mtu: 1021:8 sco-mtu: 64:1 link-policy: rswitch sniff link-mode: slave accept service-classes: rendering, capturing, audio Logical: Message: No logical block device data found. RAID: Message: No RAID data found. Drives: Local Storage: total: 232.89 GiB used: 8.31 GiB (3.6%) ID-1: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 type: USB vendor: Samsung model: SSD 860 EVO M.2 250GB family: based SSDs size: 232.89 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B sata: 3.2 speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: SSD rev: RVT24B6Q temp: 27 C scheme: MBR SMART: yes state: enabled health: PASSED on: 173d 10h cycles: 698 written: 1.35 TiB Message: No optical or floppy data found. Partition: ID-1: / raw-size: 232.63 GiB size: 227.92 GiB (97.97%) used: 8.28 GiB (3.6%) fs: ext4 block-size: 4096 B dev: /dev/sda2 maj-min: 8:2 label: rootfs uuid: f0702b0a-e54b-4c34-bd2d-6e52a561898c ID-2: /boot raw-size: 256 MiB size: 252 MiB (98.46%) used: 30.1 MiB (11.9%) fs: vfat block-size: 512 B dev: /dev/sda1 maj-min: 8:1 label: boot uuid: 5EA1-EC88 ID-3: /media/kahaiskos/3A3164A70C4757C4 raw-size: 3 MiB size: 3 MiB (99.87%) used: 964 KiB (31.4%) fs: ntfs block-size: 4096 B dev: /dev/sda3 maj-min: 8:3 label: N/A uuid: 3A3164A70C4757C4 Swap: Kernel: swappiness: 60 (default) cache-pressure: 100 (default) ID-1: swap-1 type: file size: 100 MiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) priority: -2 file: /var/swap Unmounted: Message: No unmounted partitions found. USB: Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900 Hub-2: 1-1:2 info: VIA Labs Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 2109:3431 class-ID: 0900 Hub-3: 1-1.3:3 info: Genesys Logic Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 05e3:0610 class-ID: 0900 Device-1: 1-1.3.1:4 info: ASIX AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet type: Network driver: ax88179_178a interfaces: 1 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 248mA chip-ID: 0b95:1790 class-ID: ff00 Device-2: 1-1.3.2:5 info: Logitech Unifying Receiver type: Mouse,HID driver: logitech-djreceiver,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 98mA chip-ID: 046d:c52f class-ID: 0300 Device-3: 1-1.3.3:6 info: Shenzhen Riitek wireless mini keyboard with touchpad type: Keyboard,Mouse driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 3 rev: 1.1 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 1997:2433 class-ID: 0301 Hub-4: 2-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900 Device-1: 2-1:2 info: ASMedia Ugreen Storage Device type: Mass Storage driver: uas interfaces: 1 rev: 3.1 speed: 5 Gb/s chip-ID: 174c:235c class-ID: 0806 Sensors: Missing: Required tool sensors not installed. Check --recommends Repos: Packages: apt: 1984 lib: 1258 Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list 1: deb http: //deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free 2: deb http: //security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free 3: deb http: //deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/box86.list 1: deb [arch=armhf] https: //itai-nelken.github.io/weekly-box86-debs/debian/ / Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list 1: deb http: //archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ bullseye main Processes: CPU top: 5 of 207 1: cpu: 12.8% command: xorg pid: 697 mem: 107.9 MiB (1.3%) 2: cpu: 12.0% command: chromium-browser pid: 20427 mem: 125.5 MiB (1.6%) 3: cpu: 5.0% command: chromium-browser pid: 17248 mem: 150.4 MiB (1.9%) 4: cpu: 4.1% command: chromium-browser pid: 20442 mem: 124.8 MiB (1.5%) 5: cpu: 3.9% command: mutter pid: 851 mem: 88.0 MiB (1.1%) Memory top: 5 of 207 1: mem: 227.9 MiB (2.9%) command: chromium-browser pid: 17193 cpu: 3.2% 2: mem: 150.4 MiB (1.9%) command: chromium-browser pid: 17248 cpu: 5.0% 3: mem: 125.6 MiB (1.6%) command: chromium-browser pid: 17479 cpu: 0.4% 4: mem: 125.5 MiB (1.6%) command: chromium-browser pid: 20427 cpu: 12.0% 5: mem: 124.8 MiB (1.5%) command: chromium-browser pid: 20442 cpu: 4.1% Info: Processes: 207 Uptime: 51m Init: systemd v: 247 runlevel: 5 target: graphical.target tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 10.2.1 alt: 10 Client: shell wrapper v: 5.1.4-release inxi: 3.3.16

inxi Results

System:
  Kernel: 5.15.32-v8+ arch: aarch64 bits: 64 compiler: N/A parameters: coherent_pool=1M
    8250.nr_uarts=1 snd_bcm2835.enable_compat_alsa=0 snd_bcm2835.enable_hdmi=1
    video=HDMI-A-1:1920x1080M@60 smsc95xx.macaddr=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX vc_mem.mem_base=0x3eb00000
    vc_mem.mem_size=0x3ff00000 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=03a052ee-02 rootfstype=ext4
    fsck.repair=yes rootwait quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles
  Console: tty 1 wm: Mutter v: 3.38.6 DM: LightDM v: 1.26.0 Distro: Raspberry Pi OS
    base: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
Machine:
  Type: ARM System: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4 details: BCM2835 rev: d03114 Battery:
  Device-1: hidpp_battery_0 model: Logitech Wireless Mouse M185 charge: 55% (should be ignored) rechargeable: yes status: discharging
Memory:
  RAM: total: 7.7 GiB used: 1.23 GiB (16.0%) gpu: 76 MiB
  RAM Report: smbios: No SMBIOS data for dmidecode to process
PCI Slots:
  Message: No ARM data found for this feature.
CPU:
  Info: model: N/A variant: cortex-a72 bits: 64 type: MCP arch: ARMv8 family: 8 model-id: 0
    stepping: 3
  Topology: cpus: 1x cores: 4 smt: N/A cache: N/A
  Speed (MHz): avg: 2147 min/max: 600/2200 scaling: driver: cpufreq-dt governor: ondemand cores:
    1: 2147 2: 2147 3: 2147 4: 2147 bogomips: 432
  Features: asimd cpuid crc32 evtstrm fp
  Vulnerabilities:
  Type: itlb_multihit status: Not affected
  Type: l1tf status: Not affected
  Type: mds status: Not affected
  Type: meltdown status: Not affected
  Type: spec_store_bypass status: Vulnerable
  Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: __user pointer sanitization
  Type: spectre_v2 status: Vulnerable
  Type: srbds status: Not affected
  Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected
Graphics:
  Device-1: bcm2711-hdmi0 driver: vc4_hdmi v: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef00700
    class-ID: hdmi
  Device-2: bcm2711-hdmi1 driver: vc4_hdmi v: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef05700
    class-ID: hdmi
  Device-3: bcm2711-vc5 driver: vc4_drm v: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:gpu class-ID: gpu
  Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.20.11 with: Xwayland compositor: Mutter v: 3.38.6 driver: X:
    loaded: modesetting unloaded: fbdev
    gpu: vc4-drm,vc4_crtc,vc4_dpi,vc4_dsi,vc4_firmware_kms,vc4_hdmi,vc4_hvs,vc4_txp,vc4_v3d,vc4_vec
    display-ID: :0 screens: 1
  Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 508x285mm (20.00x11.22") s-diag: 582mm (22.93")
  Monitor-1: HDMI-A-1 mapped: HDMI-1 model: Samsung T22B300 built: 2011 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60
    dpi: 102 gamma: 1.2 chroma: red: x: 0.647 y: 0.333 green: x: 0.333 y: 0.627 blue: x: 0.157
    y: 0.051 white: x: 0.314 y: 0.329 size: 477x268mm (18.78x10.55") diag: 547mm (21.5")
    ratio: 16:9 modes: 1920x1080, 1920x1080i, 1680x1050, 1600x900, 1280x1024, 1440x900, 1280x800,
    1152x864, 1280x720, 1024x768, 832x624, 800x600, 720x576, 720x576i, 720x480, 720x480i, 640x480,
    720x400
  Message: Unable to show GL data. Required tool glxinfo missing.
Audio:
  Device-1: bcm2711-hdmi0 driver: vc4_hdmi bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef00700 class-ID: hdmi
  Device-2: bcm2711-hdmi1 driver: vc4_hdmi bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fef05700 class-ID: hdmi
  Device-3: bcm2835-audio driver: bcm2835_audio bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:bcm2835_audio
    class-ID: bcm2835_audio
  Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.15.32-v8+ running: yes
  Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 14.2 running: yes
  Sound Server-3: PipeWire v: 0.3.19 running: yes
Network:
  Device-1: bcm2835-mmc driver: mmc_bcm2835 v: N/A port: N/A bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: brcm:fe300000
    class-ID: mmcnr
  IF: wlan0 state: down mac: 
  Device-2: bcm2711-genet-v5 driver: bcmgenet v: N/A port: N/A bus-ID: N/A
    chip-ID: brcm:fd580000 class-ID: ethernet
  IF: eth0 state: down mac: 
  Device-3: ASIX AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet type: USB driver: ax88179_178a bus-ID: 1-1.3.1:4
    chip-ID: 0b95:1790 class-ID: ff00 IF: eth1 state: up speed: 100 Mbps duplex: full mac: 
  IP v4:  type: noprefixroute scope: global broadcast: 
  IP v6:  scope: link
  WAN IP: 
Bluetooth:
  Device-1: pl011 driver: uart_pl011 bus-ID: N/A chip-ID: arm:fe201000 class-ID: serial
  Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 1 state: up address:  bt-v: 3.0 lmp-v: 5.0
    sub-v: 6119 hci-v: 5.0 rev: 156
  Info: acl-mtu: 1021:8 sco-mtu: 64:1 link-policy: rswitch sniff link-mode: slave accept
    service-classes: rendering, capturing, audio
Logical:
  Message: No logical block device data found.
RAID:
  Message: No RAID data found.
Drives:
  Local Storage: total: 232.89 GiB used: 8.31 GiB (3.6%)
  ID-1: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 type: USB vendor: Samsung model: SSD 860 EVO M.2 250GB
    family: based SSDs size: 232.89 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B sata: 3.2
    speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: SSD rev: RVT24B6Q temp: 27 C scheme: MBR
  SMART: yes state: enabled health: PASSED on: 173d 10h cycles: 698 written: 1.35 TiB
  Message: No optical or floppy data found.
Partition:
  ID-1: / raw-size: 232.63 GiB size: 227.92 GiB (97.97%) used: 8.28 GiB (3.6%) fs: ext4
    block-size: 4096 B dev: /dev/sda2 maj-min: 8:2 label: rootfs
    uuid: f0702b0a-e54b-4c34-bd2d-6e52a561898c
  ID-2: /boot raw-size: 256 MiB size: 252 MiB (98.46%) used: 30.1 MiB (11.9%) fs: vfat
    block-size: 512 B dev: /dev/sda1 maj-min: 8:1 label: boot uuid: 5EA1-EC88
  ID-3: /media/kahaiskos/3A3164A70C4757C4 raw-size: 3 MiB size: 3 MiB (99.87%)
    used: 964 KiB (31.4%) fs: ntfs block-size: 4096 B dev: /dev/sda3 maj-min: 8:3 label: N/A
    uuid: 3A3164A70C4757C4
Swap:
  Kernel: swappiness: 60 (default) cache-pressure: 100 (default)
  ID-1: swap-1 type: file size: 100 MiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) priority: -2 file: /var/swap
Unmounted:
  Message: No unmounted partitions found.
USB:
  Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
    chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
  Hub-2: 1-1:2 info: VIA Labs Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 100mA
    chip-ID: 2109:3431 class-ID: 0900
  Hub-3: 1-1.3:3 info: Genesys Logic Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 100mA
    chip-ID: 05e3:0610 class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 1-1.3.1:4 info: ASIX AX88179 Gigabit Ethernet type: Network driver: ax88179_178a
    interfaces: 1 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 248mA chip-ID: 0b95:1790 class-ID: ff00
    Device-2: 1-1.3.2:5 info: Logitech Unifying Receiver type: Mouse,HID
    driver: logitech-djreceiver,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 98mA
    chip-ID: 046d:c52f class-ID: 0300
  Device-3: 1-1.3.3:6 info: Shenzhen Riitek wireless mini keyboard with touchpad
    type: Keyboard,Mouse driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 3 rev: 1.1 speed: 12 Mb/s
    power: 100mA chip-ID: 1997:2433 class-ID: 0301
  Hub-4: 2-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0003
    class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 2-1:2 info: ASMedia Ugreen Storage Device type: Mass Storage driver: uas
    interfaces: 1 rev: 3.1 speed: 5 Gb/s chip-ID: 174c:235c class-ID: 0806 Sensors:
  Missing: Required tool sensors not installed. Check --recommends
Repos:
  Packages: apt: 1984 lib: 1258
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list
    1: deb http: //deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
    2: deb http: //security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
    3: deb http: //deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/box86.list
    1: deb [arch=armhf] https: //itai-nelken.github.io/weekly-box86-debs/debian/ /
  Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
    1: deb http: //archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ bullseye main
Processes:
  CPU top: 5 of 207
  1: cpu: 12.8% command: xorg pid: 697 mem: 107.9 MiB (1.3%)
  2: cpu: 12.0% command: chromium-browser pid: 20427 mem: 125.5 MiB (1.6%)
  3: cpu: 5.0% command: chromium-browser pid: 17248 mem: 150.4 MiB (1.9%)
  4: cpu: 4.1% command: chromium-browser pid: 20442 mem: 124.8 MiB (1.5%)
  5: cpu: 3.9% command: mutter pid: 851 mem: 88.0 MiB (1.1%)
  Memory top: 5 of 207
  1: mem: 227.9 MiB (2.9%) command: chromium-browser pid: 17193 cpu: 3.2%
  2: mem: 150.4 MiB (1.9%) command: chromium-browser pid: 17248 cpu: 5.0%
  3: mem: 125.6 MiB (1.6%) command: chromium-browser pid: 17479 cpu: 0.4%
  4: mem: 125.5 MiB (1.6%) command: chromium-browser pid: 20427 cpu: 12.0%
  5: mem: 124.8 MiB (1.5%) command: chromium-browser pid: 20442 cpu: 4.1%
Info:
  Processes: 207 Uptime: 51m Init: systemd v: 247 runlevel: 5 target: graphical.target
  tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 10.2.1 alt: 10 Client: shell wrapper v: 5.1.4-release
  inxi: 3.3.16

Benchmark #59829 - Brand: Samsung 860 EVO M.2